EP Celiac's Disease Test Kit
30 vials, including flat tray storage box - 10 x 50mm vial size

Celiac Disease, sometimes called celiac sprue or gluten-sensitive enteropathy, is an immune system reaction to eating gluten, a protein found in wheat, barley, rye and other grains. With Celiac Disease, eating gluten triggers an immune response in the small intestine. Over time, this reaction damages the lining of the small intestine and impairs the assimilation of some nutrients. 

Kit Contents:

1. Anti-gliadin Antibodies (AGA)

2. Barley

3. Barley a-glutelin

4. Celiac Disease Nosode

5.  Gluten
Gluten proteins consist of two major amino acid sequences gliadins and the glutenins. Gliadin is a type of prolamin ‘storage’ protein in plants, mainly in their seeds. Glutenin is the most common glutelin. Glutenin is a major protein in wheat flour, making up 47% of the total protein content. It is responsible for the strength and elasticity of dough.

6. HLA-DQ2 and HLA-DQ8 genes
Celiac disease is believed to be hereditary and linked to one or both of the HLA-DQ2 and HLA-DQ8 genes. However, while an estimated 30% of the population has one or both of the genes, only 1% of that number develop the disorder. Environmental factors / stressors that may play role in activating the disease in those susceptible, include illness and trauma. https://www.beyondceliac.org/celiac-disease/

7. Kamut

8. Kamut a-glutenin & Kamut b-glutenin

9. Rye

10. Rye glutenin

11. Small Intestine – Ileum

12. Small Intestine – Jejunum

13. Small Intestine – Microvilli

14. Small Intestine – Villi

15. Small Intestine – Villi Enterocytes
“In the SI some gluten fragments pass through the enterocytes, which are found on the surface of villi and are cells lining the surface of the small intestine. These gluten fragments can now build up under the enterocytes. This “build up” causes the enterocytes to send a chemical signal to the immune system that something is wrong.” In response, immune system cells beginto attack and thereby damage the enterocytes

16. Small Intestine – Mucosa
The lining of the small intestine, the musoca, plays an important part in immunity. You have more than 200 times more mucosa than skin, making it your body’s largest protective barrier. It’s also involved in absorption, especially in the gastrointestinal tract, where it plays a role in digestion. The mucosa provides a barrier against foreign particles, captures them in its sticky mucus and clears them out. Immune cells and natural antibiotics in the mucus defend against pathogens, while the lubrication defends against injury.

17. Small intestine – Mucosa Epithelium
Epithelial cells secrete a thick, gel-like mucus that protects your body from irritants and gives the mucosa its name.

18. Small Intestine – Lamina Propria
The SI epithelium attaches to a loose connective tissue called the lamina propria. This is the middle layer of the mucosa. The lamina propria is composed of structural protein molecules, nerves and veins. It carries blood supply to the epithelium while holding the cells in place and binding them to the smooth muscle below. Its nerves respond to muscle fluctuations by squeezing and stretching to change the shape of the epithelium as needed. It also hosts a variety of immune cells that seek out and destroy pathogens.

19. TH1 / T Helper 1 Cell Response
“…T helper (Th) cells provide helper functions to other cells of the immune system—especially the antigen-presenting cells (APCs) such as macrophages, dendritic cells, and B cells—and are important for their activation and maturation. There are distinct subsets of CD4+ Th cells, including Th1, Th2, Th17 and T regulatory cells, each activated by a specific set of cytokines and transcription factors and characterized by the cytokines they secrete and effector functions they perform.” 

“The Helper T-Cells secrete chemicals that cause three things to happen: First, Helper T-Cells release toxic secretions that directly damage the enterocytes. Second, the Helper T-Cells signal the Killer T-Cells. The Killer T-Cells begin to fight and directly attack the enterocytes. Third, the Helper T-Cells signal to Mature B-Cells. These mature B-Cells then make two types of antibodies: One type of antibody attaches to gluten fragments, and the other attaches to the tTG enzyme.This antibody activity is very close to the enterocytes and may also cause additional damage to these cells.”

20. TH2 / T Helper 2 Cell Response
“…Th2 cells mediate the activation and maintenance of the humoral, or antibody-mediated, immune response against extracellular parasites, bacteria, allergens, and toxins. Th2 cells mediate these functions by producing various cytokines such as IL-4, IL-5, IL-6, IL-9, IL-13, and IL-17E (IL-25). 

21. Tregs / Regulatory T cells
Regulatory T cells (Tregs) are a specialized subpopulation of T cells that act to suppress immune response, thereby maintaining homeostasis and self-tolerance. It has been shown that Tregs are able to inhibit T cell proliferation and cytokine production and play a critical role in preventing autoimmunity.

22. tTG Enzyme  
In Celiac Disease, the SI enterocytes release an enzyme, called tTG (tissue transglutaminase) tht attaches to the gluten fragments and sets off an immune system response that includes Helper T-Cells. T-Cells fight disease in the body, but in celiac disease they are triggered by gluten to mistakenly attack the enterocytes.

23. Wheat

24. Wheat α-gliadin prolamin
The α (alpha), β (beta), γ (gamma), and ω (omega) gliadin types are separated and distinguished based on their amino acid sequences in the N-terminal cysteine domain.

25. Wheat β-gliadin prolamin

26. Wheat γ-gliadin prolamin

27. Wheat ω-gliadin prolamin

28. Wheat a-Glutenin Glutelin

29. Wheat b-Glutenin Glutelin

30. Zonulin
It is theorized that in response to gluten, zonulin, a molecule made by the body and linked to inflammation, loosens the tight junctions between cells in the SI mucosa.